Overview
Persistent disturbance in mood or emotional state that exceeds normal developmental fluctuations and causes impairment.
Diagnostic criteria overview
- Criterion a: depressed or irritable mood most of the day, nearly every day
- Criterion b: diminished interest or pleasure in activities
- Criterion c: associated symptoms including sleep or appetite changes, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness, difficulty concentrating
- Criterion d: symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment
Symptoms
- Persistent sadness or irritability
- Loss of interest or pleasure in activities
- Sleep or appetite changes
- Low energy
- Difficulty concentrating
- Feelings of guilt or worthlessness
Impact on functioning
- Difficulty getting out of bed or preparing for school
- Reduced participation in previously enjoyed activities
- Slowed thinking or concentration
- Increased irritability during routines
- Social withdrawal and reduced communication